Elying-machine



G. HEDE N FLYING MACHINE- APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 26' 1917: 1 07,047. Patented June 17, I918.

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Application filed September 26, 1917. Serial No. 153,298.

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, GUs'rAF HED iN, a citizen of the Unitecl' States, and resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the and State of'New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Flying chines, of whieh'the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in flying machines and has for its obj ect to provide a. buoying and driving ineclianism hav ing wings carried by rotatable frames on horizontal shafts which are'controlled'and operated in unison. 1

Another object is to provide a means for controlling the inclination of "the wings during the rotationof the frames.

Anotl' erob'ject is to provide certain improvements in the form, construction and arrangement of the several partswhereby the above and other objects Inaybe'effectively carriedout.

i A preteen embodiment is represented in the accompanying drawings infwhieh,

Figure 1 represents inside elevation, a portion of a flyingmachine which includes my improved construction. L i

2 represents a front elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 represents a detailplan View of one of the wings, fits "frame and adjacent mechanism.

Fig. 4 represents an enlar ed detail section of the main "driving shaftgtaken in the plane of the .line'lVIV of 1, looking inthe direction of thearrows.

5 repr se ts enlar d d a se tion of oireend ofthe wing frame stipp'orting shaft taken 'in the plane of the line V- V' of Fig. ,1; 1ooking'in' the direction of the arrows. Y 1 W Fig. 6 represents in side elevation the inclinator disk and its adjacentmechanism,

1 i -E'. l i i- Fig. 7 represents a vertical section of the saine taken in the plane of the line VII of Fig.6, 1'0oking in the direction of the arrows.

The body of the machine, denoted by V, is provided with bearings V* in which is ijournaled a main driving shaft 13. This shaft'B is of hollow constructionjand provided with opposi tely disposed radial arms C, the outer ends of which have bearings C* 1n whiehsh'afts c aremou'nted. The shafts c are each' p'rovided'with' a pair of radial arms E having" bearings in which is mounted a wing shaft h;

This shaft h is provided with oppositely disposed radial arms H which are arranged in pairs and have securedtherebetween a sheet of silk,"canvasor flexible material wnich forms the wings G. Each 'of the wings G has its sides secured tothe arms H with the front 'edg e drawn tightlybetween the arms whilethe opposite or rear ed'ge'remains loose. By'thisconstruction the wing, when in use, will have'a tendency toform a scoop, as shown in Figs. 1,' 2 and The wings G are arranged in pairs onthe shaft it, so that'the front edge of the "forward wing will be drawn tightly at theouter and front end of its pair of arms H, while the front edge of the rear wing will be drawn tightly at the inner end of its painof arms or near the shaft h, thusallowing the wings to operate in unison. i

A pair of arms E are secured to the shaft e .in positionto counterbalance the arms E with their wingsjG. V

*R mry' aime imparted to shaft B by means of iiiotors M mounted on the body through ashaft M, and a chain and sprocket connectionlas "shown in Figs. land 2; The shaft M is provided with sprockets M which are connected with sprockets M fast on'theshaft'B, bycliains m." I

The shafts e, carrying the wings, receive their rotary motion t'hrough sprockets F and chains")? 'secured to the shafts e, which chains are connected with sprockets A fast 'ontli ejbearings'v i I The wing frames are held in a relatively fiifed position by means of sprockets I fast on the shaft h and eonn'eoted to "shafts e by chains which are'co'nnectedwvith sprockets D mounted to rotatefreely on the shaft he yond the hollow shaft B in position to receive a sprocket N which is connected by a chain a and sprocket N 011 a shaft N of a device for controlling the inclination of the wings. This device comprises a disk L fixed to a sleeve L which is mounted to rotate in the body V. The outer end of the sleeve L is also provided with a sprocket L which is connected with a sprocket L on the shaft B by a chain Z. The shaft N is journaled in the sleeve L and has a crank N mounted thereon in close proximity to disk L A rocking lever N is pivoted at bl in the hub of the crank and the shaft N and has one end provided with a pin N arranged to be slid in the crank and engage holes L in the disk L3. The other end of the lever N is provided with a handle N having a guide pin N slidable in the crank N The lever N and pin N are normally held in engagement with the disk L as shown in dotted outline in Fig. 7, by means of a contracting spring O in which position the disk and its adjacent mechanism are locked together and rotated with the shaft B through the sprockets L, L and chain Z.

The rotation of the shaft B and its adjacent mechanism is controlled and operated as follows:

The motors M transmit power to the shaft M through the sprockets and chain connections, thence from the sprockets M on the shaft M, to the sprockets M on the shaft B which travels in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 1. The shafts c and arms E and E being carried by the arm C are caused to rotate by sprockets F fast on the shafts e, which sprockets are connected by a chain X to the sprockets A secured to the frame. The diameter of the sprockets F being half as large as that of sprockets A, which are stationary, transmit to the shaft 6 and its arms an angularvelocity twice as fast as that of the shaft B, and in the opposite direction. The shafts h and the arms H carrying the wings are held in fixed positions relative to planes running through their centers of rotation, by sprockets I fast on the shafts h, connected by chains Y to sprockets D loose on the shafts e, thence from the sprockets K integral with the sleeves of the sprockets D, through chains which pass through the holes 2 in the hollow shaft B, to sprockets K carried by the shaft Z), thence from a sprocket N on the end of the shaft 6 through a chain 1% to a sprocket N on the shaft N of the wing-controlling device. To further maintain the position of the wings, the relative speeds of the shafts e and B are compensated by the difference in diameters of the various sprockets which are as follows: the diameter of the sprockets I and D being 2 to 1, the sprockets K and K being approximately 8 to 1, while the sprockets N and N are approximately 1 to 2.

The disk L is positively rotated from the hollow shaft B, through the sprocket L carried thereby, a chain Z and the sprocket L fast on the sleeve L of the disk. The diameter of the sprockets L and L being ap proximately 1 to 2, causes the disk L to rotate at about one-half the speed of the shaft B.

To change the inclination of the wings, the rocking lever N must be caused to assume the position shown in Fig. 7, in which position the crank N pins N and shaft bl carrying the sprocket N may be rotated by handle N 8 until the desired positionis obtained, whereupon the handle is released and the pin N 5 by reason of the spring 0 acting on the lever N is caused to enter one of the holes L in the disk L This rotation of the handle and lever transmits motion through the shaft N sprocket N, chain a, sprocket N on the shaft 6, thence from the sprocket K on the shaft 6, through the chains is, sprockets K and D, chain Y to sprocket I fast on the shaft it which carries the wing frames.

Thus it will be seen that by the arrange ment of the several sprockets and chains, the frames carrying the wings may be inclined at an angle relative to the plane of the body V, best suited to the velocity of flight, during the rotation of the hollow shaft B and its arms C, thus enabling the wings to compress and displace the air on the downward movement and by reason of the looseness or flexibility of the rear edges of'the wings, evade the air during the upward movement.

lVhat I claim is:

1. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged on and rotatable in said frames, means for rotating the arms, means for rotating the frames in the arms, and means for automatically maintaining said wings in a predetermined position on the frames.

2. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged on and rotatable in said frames, means for rotating the arms, means for rotating the frames in the arms, means on the body for changing the position of said wings on the frames relative to the body and means for automatically maintaining the wings in said position.

3. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged on and rotatable in the frames, means for rotating the arms, means for rotating the frames in the arms, manual means on the body for changing the position of said wings on the frames relative to the body, and means for automatically maintaining the wings in said position.

4. A flying machine comprising a body,

rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, Wings horizontally arranged in the frames, a counterbalance for said wings in the frames, and means for rotating the arms.

5. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged in the frames, a counterbalance for said wings in the frames, means for rotating the arms, and means for rotating said frames on the arms.

6. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged in the frames a counterbalance for.

said wings in the frames, means for rotating the arms, means for rotating the frames in the arms, and means for automatically maintaining said wings in a predetermined position.

7. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged in said frames, a counterbalance for said wings in the frames, means for rotating the arms, means for rotating the frames in the arms, means on the body for changing the position of said wings relative to the body, and means for automatically maintaining the wings in said position.

8. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted thereon, rotatable frames on said arms, wings horizontally arranged on the arms, a counterbalance for said wings in said frames, means for rotating the arms, means for rotating the frames in the arms, manual means on the body for changing the position of the wings relative to the body and means for automatically maintaining the wings in said position.

9. A flying machine comprising a body, rotatable arms mounted therein, rotatable frames on said arms, Wings on and rotatable in said frames, means for rotating the arms in one direction, and means for rotating the frames in a reverse direction.

10. A flying machine comprising rotatable wing frames including a shaft, radial arms rigidly mounted thereon and wings secured between said arms, each of said wings having one of its edges flexible.

11. A flying machine comprising rotatable wing frames including a shaft, sets of parallel radial arms rigidly mounted thereon, said sets of arms being diametrically opposed on the shaft, and wings secured between said arms, each of said wings having one of its edges flexible.

12. A flying machine comprising rota-table Wing frames including a shaft, radial arms mounted thereon and flexible wings secured between said arms, said wings being rigid at their front edges and flexible at their rear edges.

13. A flying machine comprising rotatable Wing frames including a shaft, parallel radial arms mounted therein and flexible Wings secured between said arms, said wings being rigid at their front edges and flexible at their rear edges.

14. A flying machine comprising rotatable Wing frames including a shaft, oppositely disposed radial arms mounted thereon, the arms on one side of said shaft having flexible wings secured therebetween, the other arms serving to counterbalance said wings and arms.

15. A flying machine comprising rotatable wing frames including a shaft, oppositely disposed parallel radial arms mounted thereon, the arms on one side of said shaft having flexible wings secured therebetween, the other arms serving to counterbalance said wings and arms.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name this 24th day of September, 1917.

. GUSTAF HEDEN.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

